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ืžืขืจื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื•ืื” 

ืžืขืจื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื˜ืงืก ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจืื” ื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืฉื•ืื” ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืจื”: ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฆืœ ื”ืฉื•ืื”; ื’ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืžืจื“ ื•ื ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืจื•ื— ื”ืื“ื; ืขืœ ื”ื™ื–ื›ื•ืจ ื•ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ. 

ืœืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ
ืžืขืจื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ 

ืžืขืจื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื”ืฆืขื” ืœื˜ืงืก ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ื•ืจืื” ื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื›ื•ืœืœ: ืคืจื— ื“ื ื”ืžื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืœื—ืžื” ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื/ื•ืช; ื”ื›ืจื— ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœืฉืœื•ื; ื”ืฆื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœื™ื•ื ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช; ื›ืื‘ ื”ืฉื›ื•ืœ ื•ื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ, ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ื ืฆื—ื”. 

ืœืžืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ
ืœืงืจืืช ื˜ืงืกื™ ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื›ืจื•ืŸ 

ื˜ืงืก ืœื‘ืชื™"ืก ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื•: ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”; ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ; ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ืกืŸ ืข"ื™ ื”ืขื ืงืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืชืงื•ื•ื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ 'ื™ื–ื›ื•ืจ' ืœื ืจืฆื—ื™/ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื”, ื›ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•, ืœืฆื“ 'ื™ื–ื›ื•ืจ' ืœื—ืœืœื™ ืžืข' ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื—ืœืœื™ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืื™ื‘ื”. 

ืœื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืœื˜ืงืก

ืž

 - 

ืขื“

ื—ื•ื“ืฉ

ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื”ื•ื

ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•ืช

"ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื• ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื–ืืช ื•ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื—ื ื™ ืฉื”ืฆืžื™ื— ืื•ืชื”, ืœื‘ื™ืช ืฉื”ื ืคืฉ ืื—ื•ื–ื” ื•ื“ื‘ื•ืงื” ื‘ื•" (ื‘ืจืœ ื›ืฆื ืœืกื•ืŸ)

โ€‹

ืื ื• ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ืืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืจืง ื“ืจืš ืฉื™ื— ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™-ืขืจื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืฉืจ ืžื•ืจืฉืช ื•ืžืกื•ืจื•ืช ืœืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืžื™ื ื•.

โ€‹

ืœืงืจืืช ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉื™ื—ืช ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื•ื“ื’ืฉื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ.

โ€‹

ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืงื˜ื ื• ืžืชื•ืš ืืจื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื’ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฆื™ ื•ืžืื•ืกืคื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืื ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืกื“ื ืื•ืช, ื”ืจืฆืื•ืช, ืกื™ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ืžื“ืจืฉ. ืžื˜ืจืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ื— ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™-ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืื‘ ืžืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืชืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ืžื•ืคืช.

 

ืžืขืจื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ

ืžืืžืจื™ื ื•ื”ืจื”ื•ืจื™ื

ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื™ืฆืจ ื ืงืžืช ื”ื“ื ืžืจื™ื ืืช ืจืืฉื•, ื‘ื”ื ื”ืื ื˜ื™ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืžืื™ื™ืžืช ืขืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื, ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืืžื•ื ื” ื•ืœืชืงื•ื•ื”, ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื•ืœื™ืฆื™ืจื”.

ืœืคื ื™ื ื• ืจืง ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื—ื“ ืœื—ื™ื™ื - ื”ื ืงืžื” ื”ื‘ื•ื ื” | ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืฉืคื™ืจื

ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืฉื•ืื” ื•ืœื’ื‘ื•ืจื”

ื—ื’ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื ื—ื’ื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื’ ื”ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื’ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืžื™ืงื•ืžื• ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืฉื ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืืจืฅ ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืจืš ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.

ื—ื’ ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืœื•ื— ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ | ืžืจื™ื ื”ื•ืœืฆืžืŸ

ืื—ื“ ื‘ืžืื™

ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ื— ื‘ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื‘ืืจื™, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืืœ ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉื™ืฆืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืคืกื— ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืงื‘ืข ืืœื™ื” ืขืœื• ื‘-1951.

ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื’ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ืกืžืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืขื ืฉืฉืงืข ื‘ื’ืœื•ืช | ืขืจืŸ ื™ืจืงื•ื ื™

ืคืกื—

6 ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืœืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื— ืœืขืช ื”ื–ื• (ืœืื—ืจ 7 ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื”).

ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœืœื™ืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืกื— | ื™ืžื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื—ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื–ืœ

ืคืกื—

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